Drill apparatus for drilling rock, mining, &amp;c.



PATENTED FEB. 10, 1903.

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IN VE /V T OHS fin/E nfiflwy 7 817212112 ATTO W. A. BOX & E. Y. SAYER.DRILL APPARATUS FOR DRILLING ROCK, MINING, 6w. APPLICATION FILED00'1.18, 1901.

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Nb. 7203219.. PATENTED FEB.10, 1903.' I W. A. B0X'& E. Y. SAYBR. DRILLAPPARATUS FOR DRILLING ROCK, MINING, 8w.

. APPLICATION FILED OUT. 18, 1901'.

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IlIIIIIII IIII INI/ NTO/if. BY ATTORN WITNESSES @mm uwad UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM A. BOX AND EUGENE Y. SAYER, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

DRILL APPARATUS FOR DRILLING ROCK, MINING, &c.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 720,319, dated February10, 1903.

Application filed October 18, 1901. Serial No. 79,062. (No model.) I

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, WILLIAM A. BOX and EUGENE Y. SAYER, of Denver, inthe State of Colorado, (post-office address for both Box 1,526, Denver,Colorado,) have invented certain new and useful Improvements in DrillApparatus for Drilling Rock, Mining, and other Uses, of which thefollowing is a specification accompanied by drawings.

The invention is designed and adapted especially for motor-drivenrock-drills, and more especially electric rock-drills; but in someaspects of the invention it is certainly not limited to this use.

The invention relates to the percussive type of drill and contemplatesimprovements in the mounting of the drill'and in the actuating mechanismofthe drill.

In the preferred forms of the invention as pointed out in some of thefollowing claims the electric motor is directly applied to actuate thedrill mechanism proper.

The objects of the improvements are to economize power and to accomplishthe greatest amount of work by the drill for a given expenditure ofpower, to simplify the construction and the operation of the apparatus,to reduce its liability to breakage, to increase the facility with whichthe parts may be assembled or be taken apart for inspection, cleaning,or repair, as well as to improve the apparatus in certain other aspectswhich more readily appear from the following description.

The improved mechanisms and their combinations in a complete machine aredescribed in one preferred embodiment in the following description, andthe characteristic features which form the subject-matter of our jointinvention are enumerated in the claims that follow.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of 1 a complete apparatus asdesigned for a rock-- drill, omitting the rigid supporting-arm uponwhich the drill is adjustably secured when in use, and theelectrical-conductors, controlling-switches, and other parts foreign tothe drill mechanism proper. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig.3 is alongitudinal central section. Fig. 4 is a front end view showingthe drill or tool in cross-section. Fig. 5'is a-rear end view of thesame. Fig. 6

is a rear end view of the guide-frame of the apparatus. Fig. 7 is atransverse cross-section of the same. Fig. 8 is a longitudinalcross-section of the shell or housing of the drill mechanism separatedfrom the motor and the guide-frame upon which it is adapted to bemounted and with certain caps and detachable parts removed. Figs. 9 and10 are a plan view and longitudinal section of a detachable portion ofsuch shell or housing.

The rigid arm 20, column 21, and clamp 22, by which the guide frame orbed of the apparatus is rigidly held when in use, are not peculiar tothis invention and appear onlyin Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5. The guide-frameshould have the usual boss 26 or other suitable means by which it may beadjustably secured to the clamp 22. The guide-frame 25 has guides 27,upon which slide the motor and the drill mechanism, as will be presentlydescribed; Either the motor or the drill mechanism is provided with ascrew-threaded nut 30, through which is threaded the feedscrew 31, whichgives travel to the drill mechanism when it is desired to advance orfeed the drill forward or retract it. The screw 31 turns in-the bearing32 in the guide-frame 25 and is prevented frommoving longitudinallytherein by means of shoulders or collars, as shown, and is turned bymeans of a handle 33. The motor 35, of any suitable type, but preferablya small high speed motor, is mounted to slide in the guides 27 of theguideframe 25, being preferably provided with slide-flanges 3.6, asclearly seen in Fig. 5. A shaft of the motor, preferably thearmatureshaft, as shown, projects from the motor-casing and is splinedor provided with a square end37, by which it may be made to fit into andturn the sleeve 38 of the pinion 39 without being rigidly secured to thepinion.

The shell or housing of the drill mechanism -(shown detached in Fig.8)is also provided with slide-flanges 40, (see Fig. 4,) which slide in theguides 27 of the guide-frame 25. This shell or housing may be coupled toand, uncoupled fromthe frame of the motor by a pin or bolt 43 passingthrough a bolt-hole lain the rhell or housing and registering bolthtj lin the base of the motor-frame. By withdrawing the bolt or pin 43 themotor and the drill mechanism may he slid apart upon a a (fl theguide-frame or entirely removed therefrom; but when both are togetherthe two parts are rigidly held and adjustable together upon theguide-frame 25.

The shell or housing preferably consists of two principal and separableparts 45 and 46 in addition to certain caps, bearings, and smallerseparate parts. In Figs. 8, 9, and 10 the working or moving parts areomitted, so that the structure of the shell is clearly apparent. Theupper detachable portion 46 of the shell preferably contains twovertical bearings 47 and 48 and one complete horizontal bearing 49 forthe shaft of the pinion 39. It also contains the upper half of ahorizontal bearing 50 for the sleeve 38 and pinion 39 and the upperportions of the bearing 51 for the horizontal shaft that rotates thetoolchuck, as will be presently described.

The lower and larger portion 45 of the shell or housing contains theguideway, preferably a cylindrical surface 52, for guiding thereciprocating hammer and actuating-head, that is connected with thehammer bya spring. At the forward end of the shell are two sets ofscrewthreads 53 54, which receive screwthreaded collars, in which therotary chuck is mounted. The shell 45 contains the lower cooperatinghalves of the horizontal bearings 50 and 51, already mentioned. Oppositeand beneath the vertical bearing 47 is a horizontal planebearing-surface 55 for the pitman,which will be presently described.Along the upper forward portion of the shell there is provided atrough-like protecting-box 56 for the shaft that actuates thetool-holding chuck. This is covered above by the plate or cover 57,provided with an oiling device 58.

The moving parts of the drill mechanism proper consist, primarily, ofthe means for holding the drill and for turning itand the means forhammering the rear end of the drill. It is preferable under thisinvention to hammer the rear end of the drill directly instead ofhammering the whole tool-holder. The tool-holder is illustrated in theform of a rotary chuck 60, provided with gear-wheel 61, that meshes withthe pinion 62 on shaft 63. The rotary chuck is held between the twocollars 64 65, which are screw-threaded into the threads 53 and 54,already described. The chuck has bearings in these collars. The drill ortool 66 extends through an axial aperture in the chuck, which is squareor otherwise fitted to the drill-iron, so that while the drill is freeto move lengthwise it turns with the chuck. Protecting the inner end ofthe chuck from the hammer is a rubber washer 67, so that when the end ofthe drill is not in place to be struck by the hammer the blow of thehammer will be cushioned on the elastic washer 67 instead of strking themetallic parts of the mechanism. In order to hold the tool in properposition longitudinally'while still allowing a sufiicient play, a collar70 is secured to the drill and a rubber collar or cushion 71, interposedbetween the collar and the front of the chuck or of the casing. Thisprevents the tool being thrust back too far into the chuck and alsoprevents the drill being advanced too far by the feed-screw 31 when thetool or drill proper is pressed against the rock or other surface thatis to be drilled.

A yoke 73, fitting loosely over the drill proper or tool in front of thecollar 70, provents the tool from dropping out when the apparatus ispointed downward. The yoke 73 is preferably secured to the shell orhousing of the apparatus by pins 74, fitting into appropriately-shapednotches or slots in the yoke 73. This yoke also enables the operator toutilize the power of the screw 31 in withdrawing the drill from thedrill-hole when it is too tight to be drawn out by hand. The pinion 62is driven, preferably continuously, by means of gearing actuated by thepinion 39. In the bearing 47 is mounted a vertical shaft 80,rig'idlysecured to and turned by the beveled gear 81, which meshes with and isactuated by the beveled pinion 39. In the bearing 48 is mounted avertical shaft 82, provided with gear wheel 83 and beveled gear 84 andhaving an upper bearing, as shown, in the cap 85. This cap isscrewthreaded into the detachable portion 46 of the shell or housing andis provided with an oiling device 86, by which the oil may be introducedinto the whole interior of the shell or housing, the movement of theworking parts beingsufficienttodistributetheoil thoroughly over everypart. The gear-wheel 83 is driven by a small pinion 88, which turns withthe shaft 80, but is frictionally secured thereto by a rawhide or otherwasher and a nut 89, as shown, in order to provide a frictional yieldingor slipping connection, which will relieve excessive stress upon themechanism that rotat-es the tool-holding chuck in case the drill or toolsticks in the work.

The beveled gear 84 meshes with and turns the beveled gear, as shown,upon the end of the shaft 63. Consequently when the motor rotates thebeveled gear 39 the shaft is actuated thereby and drives the shaft 82,which in turn drives the shaft 63, and thereby the chuck 60. The forwardbearing for the shaft 63 is preferably detachable from the shell orhousing 45 of the apparatus, but is held firmly in place when the cover57 is bolted or otherwise secured in its place. The hammer and thereciprocating head 91 are fitted to slide and be guided on thecylindrical surface 52. These parts are connected by a spring 92. Infront of the hammer air-holes 93 are provided in the wall of the shellor housing, so that the blow of the hammer shall not be weakened orcushioned by the confined air; but between the hammer and thereciprocating head the confined air acts as an elastic medium whichstores up and delivers energy to the hammer 90 when the hammer isactuated rapidly by the reciprocating head 91. The spring 92 also servesthis function; but in addition it forms a means of permanentlypreserving the properspacing or interval between the reciprocating headand hammer which could not practically be maining head and the hammer isprobably as' follows: After the hammer has struck the tool 66 it hasparted with substantially all its kinetic energy,for substantially allits energy, with the exception of such as i'slost by heat, is deliveredto the tool. As Qthe'head 91 is drawn backward the tension has of coursefirst to be developed between the head and the hammer before the hammerwillbe drawn back. This stretches the spring 92, while at the same timerelieving the motor from the sudden jerk or stress which would resultfrom a rigid connection between the hammer and the reciprocating head.After the head has reached the'backward end of its stroke the momentumor inertia of the hammer 90 of course causes it to continue to movebackward until the resulting compression of the spring brings it torest. As the head moves forward, strongly compressing the spring andalso the air between the head and the ham mer, the hammer is forcedforward under the elastic pressure and acquires a velocity considerablygreater than the velocity of the reciprocating head. Obviously as thereciproeating head slows up in approaching the forward end of itsmovement the hammer is not so retarded, and the kinetic energy stored upin the hammer 90 is delivered in full strength of impact upon the toolor drill 66.

The reciprocating head 91 is actuated by a wrist-pin or crank-pin 95,secured to the disk 96 at the lower end of the shaft 80, and by a pitman97, the actuated end of which receives the crank-pin 95 and the otherend of which is pivoted to the reciprocating head 91 by the pin 98. Thepin 98 is of such length that itis kept in place by the cylindricalbearing-surface 52 of the guides upon whichthe head reciprocates, and itdoesnot require any other fastening. The end of the pitman that receivesthe cran kpin 95 is not secured tothe crank-pin, but is prevented fromendwise movement upon the crank-pin by bearing on its lower side againstthe plane bearing-surface 55 of the shell, and on its upper side itrests against and, indeed, may form the sole support of the disk 96 andthe shaft 80. In taking the apparatus apart, therefore, the detachableportion 46 of the shell may be removed and the shaft 80, disk 96, andcrank-pin 95 drawn away from the pitman, and then after the rotary chuckand the collars 64 and 65 have been removed the hammer, spring,reciprocating head, and

pitman may be drawn out through the forward end of the shell and the pin98 may being the pitman from the reciprocating head. The parts'may ofcourse be put together in the reverse order. When the detachable portion46 of the'casing is removed and the motor 35 drawn away from the sleeve37 and beveled pinion 39, the sleeve and pinion are free to betaken'from their bearings. The shaft and disk 96 may be drawn freelyfrom their bearings, and when the .plate or cover 57 is removed theshaft 63 is free to be raised from its bearings. The shaft 82 and thegears that turn with it may be lifted out by merely removing the cap 85without detaching the portion 46 of the shell. In addition, therefore,to extreme simplicity of conthe crank and actuate the reciprocatinghead,

as above described, the need of a separate fly-wheel is obviated, and,furthermore, as the momentum of the rotary parts acts upon the springand never directly upon the hammer great smoothness, certainty, andeconomy of operation are assured. 5

While the foregoing description-and the accompanying drawings illustratethe invention in the form in which in our present opinion it has reachedits highest development,

"nevertheless it will be clear to those skilled in the art that in thematter of details and design the apparatus is capable of wide variationwithout departing from the principles of operation that characterize it.Obviously also parts of the invention may be made use of in'subcombinations without including all the combinations and improvementswhich complete the apparatus in its most preferred form.

We claim as the substantial and characteristic features that distinguishour invention the following: I

1. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a frame adapted to besuitably held in position and having guideways, a rotary motor supportedto travel on said guideways, drilling mechanism also supported to travelon said guideways, means for detachably connecting'the motor to thedrilling mechanism to insure uniform movement of both on the guideways,feed mechanism connected to the frame for moving the motor and drillingmechanism on the guideways, and means for mechanically connecting themotor to the drilling mechanism to operate the latter, substantially asset forth.

3. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a guide-frame adapted tobe suitably held in position, a drill shell or housing mounted to travelthereon and provided with an instrumentality for giving travel to it, adrill or tool, drill-operating mechanism arranged within said shell orhousing, and mechanism for continuously rotating said drill, saidhousing having a detachable portion provided with bearings for therotary parts of both the drill-operating mechanism and the mechanism forrotating the drill, the principal parts of said mechanisms being free tobe drawn apart when the said detachable portion of the housing isdetached, substantially as set forth.

4:. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a guide-frame adapted tobe suitably held in position, a drill shell or housing mounted to travelthereon and provided with an instrumentality for giving travel to it, adrill or tool, reciprocating mechanism arranged within the shell orhousing, a shaft connected to continuously rotate said drill, andoperative connections for said reciprocating mechanism and shaft, saidshell or housing having a detachable portion provided with bearings forthe rotating parts of said operative connections, substantially as setforth.

5. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a guide-frame, a drill ortool, a shell consisting of separable portions, drilling mechanismcomprising means within the shell for imparting force to the drill andmechanism for rotating the drill, and operative connections for saidmechanisms, the separable portions of the shell being provided withcooperating bearings for the rotary parts of said drilling mechanism,and one of said portions being provided with a plurality of separatebearings for said operative connections, whereby when the portions ofthe shell are detached, the principal parts of the drilling mechanismmay be removed, substantially as set forth.

6. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a guide-frame, a shelland means for moving the same on the frame, a drill, drilling mechanismwithin the shell, said shell consisting of separable portions providedwith cooperating bearing portions for the rotary parts of the drillingmechanism, whereby when the portions of the shell are separated, theprincipal parts of the drilling mechanism may be removed, substantiallyas set forth.

7. In combination as an improvement in a drilling apparatus, a drillshell or housing within which are guided the reciprocating portions ofthe mechanism and which has a detachable portion containing bearings,rotary driving parts mounted in said bearings, reciprocating partsconnected to be actuated thereby, and yielding driving connections forcontinuously rotating the drill and for relieving excessive stressbetween the power applied and the drill.

8. In a drilling apparatus, the combination of a shell consisting ofseparable portions provided with cooperating bearing portions, one ofsaid separable portions having in addition another bearing,reciprocating parts guided in said shell, a pitman for actuating thereciprocating parts, a crank for actuating the pitman mounted in saidadditional hearing in one separable portion of the shell and heldthereby in engagement with the said pitman, and means supported in thecooperating bearing portions of the shell for rotating said crank,whereby the parts may be drawn apart by separating the portions of theshell, substantially as set forth.

9. In combination as an improvement in a drilling apparatus, a drillshell or housing, a reciprocating hammer guided therein,'a reciprocating head also guided therein, a spring connecting the hammer andthe head, a pitman, a loose pin coupling the pitman to the head andnormally held from displacement by the said shell or casing, a crank forthe said pitman mounted in bearings detachable from the guides of thereciprocating head and hammer, and means for actuating the said crank,whereby the said crank is held by the said bearings in engagement withthe pitman and thereby the said pin is locked in place till the pitmanis disengaged.

10. In combination as an improvement in a drilling apparatus, a drillshell or housing, a reciprocating hammer guided therein, a reciprocatinghead also guided therein, a spring connecting the hammer and the head, atoolholding chuck mounted to turn in the shell or housing, a rotaryshaft mounted on the shell or housing and connected to turn the chuck,and mechanism for simultaneously rotating the said shaft andreciprocating the said head.

11. In combination as an improvement in a drilling apparatus, a drillshell or housing, a reciprocating hammer guided therein, a reciprocatinghead also guided therein, a spring connecting the hammer and the head,atoolholding chuck mounted to turn in the shell or housing, a rotaryshaft mounted on the shell or housing and connected to turn the chuck,and mechanism for simultaneously rotating the said shaft andreciprocating the said head, provided with a yieldable connectionbetween the applied power and the rotary shaft for relieving excessivestress.

12. In combination as an improvement in drill apparatus, a rotarytool-holding chuck therefor having an axial aperture adapted to receivethe tool and allow it longitudinal play, means for hammering the rearend of the tool, and a yoke detachably secured to the housing of theapparatus for loosely securing the tool.

13. In combination as an improvement in drill apparatus, a rotarytool-holding chuck therefor supported against longitudinal movement andhaving a tool-holding aperture through which the end of the tool isadapted to project, mechanism for hammering the end of the tool and anelastic cushion interposed between the chuck and the hammer ofthehammering mechanism, and means for turning the chuck.

14:. In a drilling apparatus,the combination of a shell, reciprocatingparts mounted to operate therein, a disk arranged adjacent one side ofthe shell and means for rotating said disk, a pitman connected tooperate the reciprocating parts within the shell, the head of the pitmanbeing confined between the disk and the shell, and a crank-pin on thedisk and connected to the pitman, whereby the diskand shell form guidesfor the pitmanhead in the orbital motion given to it by the pin,substantially as set forth.

Signed this 3d day of October, 1901, at Denver, Colorado.

WILLIAM A. Box; EUGENE Y. SAYER.

Witnesses:

WM. RAYMOND, HAROLD O. STEPHENS.

